Debrah, C., Chan, A. P. C., Darko, A., Akowuah, E., Amudjie, J., Asare, K. A. B., & Ghansah, F. A. (2025). A bibliometrix-based scientometric-systematic analysis and visualization of the global outlook on post-occupancy evaluation of green building. Building Research and Information : The International Journal of Research, Development and Demonstration, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2025.2521753.
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Abstract
To achieve sustainability goals, it has become increasingly important to conduct post-occupancy evaluation (POE) to assess and understand the actual performance of green buildings (GBs). However, there has been little effort to provide researchers with a systematic and scientometric analysis of the state of the POE-in-GB field. To address this gap, this study aims to review the field and identify major trends and gaps that can be addressed in future research. This paper combined several state-of-the-art tools (i.e. Bibliometrix R-tool, Python BibexPy, VOSviewer, and Gephi) for an extensive bibliometric analysis based on 251 publications identified from Scopus and Web of Science. Utilizing a theoretical framework of office productivity, 35 empirical POE-in-GB studies were selected for further qualitative-systematic analysis. The quantitative-bibliometric analysis revealed that POE-in-GB research hotspots include energy efficiency, occupant satisfaction, thermal comfort, IEQ, LEED, and sustainability. The qualitative-systematic analysis focused on the physical environment quality and load, behavioural environment and the POE protocols of POE-in-GB. Some future research directions proposed include: exploring socio-psychological factors in POE-in-GB, developing standardized protocols for POE-in-GB, aligning GB certifications with user satisfaction, and integrating technology and big data into POE-in-GB. This study provides insights to academics and practitioners working in the POE-in-GB domain.
Keywords
Built environment; building performance evaluation; literature review; sustainable building; sustainability
Dr. Amos Darko, Construction Management, has been nominated for the Research Excellence Award from BIM Africa. The BIM Africa Innovation Awards 2025 will be announced at the conference this October.
Amudjie, J., Chan, A. P. C., Darko, A., Debrah, C., & Agyekum, K. (2025). CircularBIM: Future needs at the convergence of building information modelling and the circular economy. Automation in Construction, 176, 106250. doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2025.106250
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Abstract
The progressions of industrial revolutions have enabled diverse digital technologies in architecture, engineering, construction and operation (AECO), with Building Information Modelling (BIM) gaining notable attention. Concurrently, the circular economy (CE) has emerged as a crucial strategy for addressing socio-economic issues such as waste, resource depletion, and climate change. However, limitations within BIM or CE implementations have led to these persisting socio-economic challenges. This paper presents a comprehensive state-of-the-art review on the convergence of BIM and CE (hereafter, CircularBIM), utilizing a mixed-method approach (bibliometric and systematic review techniques), analysing 89 relevant studies. Key research trends identified include life cycle assessments, deconstruction, BIM-based systems, waste management, and energy efficiency. This paper suggests future research should integrate recommender systems for CircularBIM, employ real-time performance integrated CircularBIM directory, increase expert studies and broaden parameters integration for CircularBIM. Ultimately, this paper aims to enhance CircularBIM implementation in the AECO sector, providing insights for all stakeholders.
Keywords
Building information modelling; Carbon emissions; CircularBIM; Circular economy; PRISMA; Review
Darko Amos, Weerasinghe Lichini Nikesha Kumari, Chan Albert Ping Chuen, & Wu Lingzi. (2025). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling of Challenges to Existing Residential Building Net Zero Carbon Retrofitting. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 151(8), 05025005. doi:10.1061/JCEMD4.COENG-16471
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Abstract
Residential buildings play a significant role in global energy usage and carbon emissions. In Hong Kong, they contribute to 27% of energy usage and associated carbon emissions. Retrofitting residential buildings to net zero carbon (NZC) is an efficient way to lower carbon emissions and prevent climate change. However, the widespread adoption of NZC retrofitting in the industry has been limited by several challenges, which have rarely been addressed in research. This study intended to evaluate the linkages among various challenges while assessing their impacts on NZC retrofitting of existing residential buildings. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey with 123 residential building occupants in Hong Kong, whose perspectives are largely ignored in existing building retrofit research. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data. Outcomes indicated that technical and social challenges have a considerable negative effect on residential building NZC retrofitting. In addition, this study highlights the connections between challenge categories and presents a predictive model illustrating the relationships between challenges and residential building NZC retrofitting. Theoretically, the outcomes of this study provide new insights into the relationships between residential building NZC retrofitting challenges and their interactive effects, revealing that the challenges influence one another and do not exist in isolation. Practically, the findings could be useful to policymakers and practitioners seeking to promote NZC retrofitting by enabling the development of effective policies and strategies to mitigate the identified challenges.
Assistant Professor in the Department of Construction Management Dr. Amos Darko has been named to the editorial board of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Journal of Construction Engineering and Management as an Assistant Specialty Editor for the Sustainable Construction area. This appointment serves as an important recognition of Dr. Darko’s expertise and research in sustainable construction. Dr. Darko will play a key role in reviewing submitted manuscripts to this area of the journal. We congratulate Dr. Darko on…
Ababio, B.K., Lu, W., Darko, A. and Agyekum, K. (2025), “A cross-economy examination of circular procurement implementation in construction: key drawbacks and strategies toward a sustainable built environment”, Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/SASBE-09-2024-0349
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Abstract
Purpose
Circular procurement (CP) systems have become essential in the face of resource scarcity, environmental degradation and the need for cost savings. However, its widespread adoption for construction projects has been notably slow. This study sets out to examine the barriers to CP implementation and explore potential solutions to accelerate its uptake within the global construction industry.
Design/methodology/approach
The study employs a quantitative approach to examine perspectives of 132 procurement experts from a split sample of two geo-economic contexts: developed and developing economies. It determines, categorizes and evaluates the barriers and strategies associated with CP implementation using descriptive statistics, principal components and comparative agreement analysis.
Findings
The findings revealed major impediments at different system levels including inadequate leadership and commitment for circular practices, little knowledge of CP opportunities, linear construction business setup and weak policies on circularity. These drawbacks were prevalent among experts from both geo-economic contexts. However, other barriers like cultural and industry behaviors were not commonly considered significant. Some effective strategies recommended by industry professionals were centered around organizational dynamics, industry nudging and financing, skill and cultural adaptation, and innovation and development mechanisms. The cross-economy comparison highlighted varying degrees of consensus in the significance of the strategies, indicative that approaches to dealing with challenges vary across economies.
Originality/value
This study, the first of its kind in the construction sector, offers insights into CP implementation dynamics, i.e. challenges and strategies relevant to different geoeconomic contexts. The comparative approach between developed and developing economies adds a unique dimension to the understanding of the peculiarities of CP adoptions and what strategies may apply.
Keywords
Circular procurement (CP); barriers; strategies; construction sector; geoeconomic context; comparative analyses
Linyan Chen, Amos Darko, Fan Zhang, Albert P.C. Chan, Qiang Yang,Can large language models replace human experts? Effectiveness and limitations in building energy retrofit challenges assessment,Building and Environment,Volume 276,2025,112891, ISSN 0360-1323,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112891.
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Abstract
Retrofitting existing buildings is essential to improve energy efficiency and achieve carbon neutrality in the fight against global climate change. Large language models (LLMs) have recently attracted significant attention for their ability to process data efficiently. While LLMs have emerged as useful tools for various tasks, their potential to replace human experts in assessing building energy retrofit challenges remains unexplored. This research explores the potential of replacing human experts with LLMs by evaluating four mainstream LLM chatbots and comparing their performance against a human expert benchmark through semantic similarity and text correlation metrics. It answers the research question: can LLMs replace human experts in assessing the challenges to building energy retrofits? Prompt engineering techniques, including zero-shot and chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting, were employed to guide LLM responses. Results show that LLMs perform well in identifying challenges but are less reliable in ranking them. CoT prompting improves challenge ranking accuracy but does not enhance challenge identification. Incorporating domain-specific knowledge in prompts significantly enhances LLM performance, whereas prompts designed to simulate experts have notable limitations in improving LLM performance. Furthermore, there are no significant performance differences among LLMs, including their advanced versions. While LLMs can streamline the initial identification of building energy retrofit challenges, they cannot fully replace expert judgment in ranking challenges due to their lack of tacit knowledge. This research provides valuable insight into the capabilities and limitations of LLMs in the challenge assessment, offering practical guidance for industry practitioners seeking to integrate LLMs into their building energy efficiency practices.
Keywords
Large language model; Building energy retrofit; Challenges assessment; Prompt engineering; Generative artificial intelligence
The 2025 Inspire Fund Awardees have been selected! See more information about their projects below. Project Title: “Enhancing Feasibility and Evaluation for the Housing Choice Voucher Homeownership Program in King County” Team: Vince Wang (Runstad Department of Real Estate), Zhongmin Evy Luo (PhD student, Built Environments), Kristin Pace (KCHA) Project Title: “Wildfire Smoke Readiness of Low-Income Households in Seattle” Amos Darko (Construction Management), Alvina Ekua Ntefua Saah (PhD Student, College of Built Environments) Project Title: “Equitable Public Electric Vehicle Charging…
Tetteh, M. O., Darko, A., Boateng, E. B., & Chan, A. P. C. (2024). Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Existing Building Stock for Net Zero. In Rethinking Pathways to a Sustainable Built Environment (pp. 142–158). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003317890-9
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Abstract
Existing buildings’ retrofits improve energy efficiency and are a crucial part of global decarbonization plan. There is a need for a better understanding of public sentiment toward energy efficiency retrofitting of existing buildings (EEREB) to effectively promote its widespread adoption through policy interventions. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive studies that assess the general public's sentiments toward EEREB. This chapter utilizes social media data to assess the overall public's sentiments of EEREB. Sentiment analysis was used to analyze a total of 3,306 comments from the social media platform YouTube. The concerns and perceptions of the public were analyzed using a Latent Dirichlet Allocation model, which identified nine main themes. These themes include ventilation, energy efficiency, indoor environment quality, comfort and occupant behavior, cost considerations, community engagement, technology usage, implementation knowledge, and social impact. The public expressed stronger positive sentiments, with about 64% reporting favorable views of EEREB and acknowledging its benefits. In addition, interesting patterns of perceptions shaped by a combination of generic and local-specific factors were identified. This chapter enhances the understanding of the general public's needs, concerns, and views on EEREB. Additionally, it could provide valuable insights for policymakers to refine or develop more effective actions in support of EEREB.
Debrah, C., Chan, A. P. C., Darko, A., Owusu-Manu, D.-G., & Ohene, E. (2024). Green Finance. In Rethinking Pathways to a Sustainable Built Environment (pp. 277–302). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003317890-18
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Abstract
Green building is an “unheralded hero” in the global emissions fight. Its business case has raised demand from several stakeholders. It is seen as a multitrillion-dollar business opportunity of the next decade, leading to increased green finance (GF) investment for green building. GF is accepted as a tool to finance climate change mitigation and adaptation actions, including buildings and construction. To promote GF for green building, collaboration efforts between governments, businesses, investors, and the public are key. This chapter presents the evolution of GF for green building, an overview of the implementation and its potentials, with a focus on the role of stakeholders, policies, regulations, and incentives. Typologies of GF for green building and some examples of success stories are discussed. Other related issues such as green standards, green certifications, and green indices are examined. This chapter facilitates a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the subject. Overall, it summarises the development of GF in this field and the consequent impact on climate action.