Ashour, L., & Shen, Q. (2025). Unveiling post-pandemic commute choices amidst the rise of telework. Transportation Research. Part D, Transport and Environment, 149, Article 105068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2025.105068
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Abstract
The post-pandemic “new normal” is characterized by increased adoption of telework and a decline in transit use, with a growing uncertainty about the long-term effects of these trends. This study investigates the impact of telework adoption on commute mode choice and the factors influencing individual preferences in the new normal, using data from the 2022 Seattle Commute Survey, capturing mode choice on each day in a typical workweek, providing a mixture of modes and the frequency of use for each respondent. Using the Multiple Discrete-Continuous Extreme Value (MDCEV), the study provides timely insights into the factors influencing commute mode choice, highlighting the significant influence of sociodemographic, job-related, and built environment characteristics on mode choice and the nuanced difference between modes, raising concerns about potential inequities in the new normal. The findings highlight the need to prioritize access to public transit, adapt transportation infrastructure to telework, and address rising inequities.
Sa, H., & Shen, Q. (2026). Understanding employees’ residential choices in connection to remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cities, 173, Article 107008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2026.107008.
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Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 resulted in the proliferation of work-from-home (WFH) and flexible work arrangements. Existing studies have not systematically investigated the resulting patterns of employees' residential choices within the metropolitan area. This study aims to deepen the understanding of employees' residential location choices during the COVID-19 pandemic by examining the impacts of their remote work status. The study is based on the 2022 Seattle Commute Survey, which collected information on work arrangements, individuals' sociodemographic characteristics, work and home locations, and commute and non-commute travel. The primary results of our analysis indicated that: (1) relocated employees who worked remotely (full WFH and hybrid) were more inclined to move outward from their work locations, compared to those engaged in in-person work, (2) employees relocating closer had the shortest commute distances across all work arrangements, while those relocating farther experienced the longest commutes, especially among full WFH employees, (3) remote work status (full WFH and hybrid) had a strong positive association with the choices of staying in original homes and relocating farther from worksites compared to the reference choice of relocating closer to worksites, (4) the influences of full WFH and hybrid work arrangements on the choice of staying in the original housing and relocating farther did not generally differ across age or household income groups, and (5) residential decisions were jointly shaped by a combination of work policy, sociodemographic elements, household lifecycle stage, commuting characteristics, and neighborhood attributes. Our findings contribute to the literature on employees' intra-metropolitan residential choices in connection with teleworking.
Keywords
Residential choices; Remote work; COVID-19 pandemic; Bayesian multilevel multinomial logistic model; Urban transportation planning
Ling, C., Chen, P., Chu, Y.-C., & Shen, Q. (2026). Not all teleworkers reduce travel: An intensity-dependent behavioral framework with explainable machine learning. Transport Policy, 187, Article 104267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2026.104267
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Abstract
Previous studies have yielded mixed findings on the relationship between teleworking and travel, possibly due to overlooking teleworking intensity and its evolving impacts. This study examines how teleworking is associated with overall vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and vehicle travel time (VTT) across a spectrum of intensities, measured by the number of remote-work days per week. Using travel survey data in the Puget Sound Region, Washington, we estimate four explainable machine learning models (XGBoost with SHAP) that incorporate behavioral, socio-demographic, and built-environmental characteristics. Results find an intensity-dependent relationship among typical workers. Low-intensity teleworking (1 day/week) is associated with increased travel both pre- and post-pandemic, while moderate teleworking (2 days/week) shows near-neutral or marginally positive associations. In contrast, regular teleworking (3–5 days/week) is correlated with reduced travel. In 2023, teleworking intensity ranks among the top six contributors, accounting for 6.84% and 4.08% of model explainability for VMT and VTT, respectively, higher than in 2017. The reductions scale with intensity. Holding other factors constant, high-frequency teleworkers (3 days/week) in 2023 accrued approximately 10 fewer miles and 3 fewer minutes per five-day workweek than fully on-site workers, whereas full teleworkers (5 days/week) saved 19 fewer miles and 23 fewer minutes. These impacts are concentrated among high-frequency teleworkers with longer commute distances, while the effects are mixed among shorter-distance commuters. Teleworking can moderate impacts of other factors, such as commute distance, income, and population density. These findings help reconcile prior inconsistencies, showing that teleworking's role depends on intensity rather than simple adoption.
Research Interests: Machine learning, work from home, urban economics, transportation policy, urban data science, economic inequality
Research Interests: Last-mile delivery and freight sustainability
The Center for Timber Innovation in the Built Environment at the University of Washington advances the understanding and adoption of mass timber as a sustainable, carbon-smart building material. Through interdisciplinary research, hands-on learning, and community partnerships, CTIBE drives innovation that supports both resilient communities and the natural systems that sustain them.
With Washington’s forests at a crossroads, responsibly managed second- and third-growth softwoods can provide affordable, climate-smart solutions for our state’s growing housing and infrastructure needs.
The Housing Futures Center (HFC) at the University of Washington advances solutions to Washington’s most pressing housing challenges through research, education, and community partnerships. HFC builds capacity and supports informed decision-making to ensure that every Washingtonian has access to affordable and stable housing.
Housing in Washington is increasingly out of reach for many families. Over the next two decades, the state will need more than 1.1 million new housing units, two-thirds of which must be affordable to households earning less than 80% of the area median income. HFC works to meet this need by connecting knowledge, policy, and practice across disciplines and communities.
Dehnavi AN, Manesh MT, Zomorodian Z, Abdolmaleki A, Hoonejani MR. INVESTIGATION OF A SILICA GEL-BASED EVAPORATIVE COOLING SHADING SYSTEM: NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES. Journal of Green Building. 2026 Jan;21(1):273–289. doi:10.3992/jgb.21.1.273
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Abstract
Passive evaporative cooling systems offer a low-cost, energy-efficient solution suited to hot and dry climates. This study integrates evaporative cooling within a shading system, creating an innovative approach to control daylight while enhancing thermal comfort. Silica gels are inserted into the louvers and placed in a water chamber, turning the louvers into wet evaporating plates. This evaporative shading system (ESS) is implemented on the inside-facing window opening, resulting in an integrated system for evaporative cooling and daylight control. A numerical model simulates variations in indoor air temperature and humidity caused by the system, which is further validated through experimental testing. Numerical modeling indicates that after 100 minutes at a height of 70 cm, the shading system successfully reduces the temperature by a range of 3.5 K while concurrently increasing relative humidity by approximately 3.5%. Subsequent experimental tests support these findings, demonstrating that the ESS reduces temperature by about 5 K and increases relative humidity by a range of 2 to 3.5%. This ESS demonstrates potential for thermal comfort enhancement and daylight optimization.
The Population Health Initiative has awarded eight early-stage pilot grants in November 2025. The project, “Embodied Nature Engagement: Developing the Interaction Pattern Preference Inventory (IPPI) for Nature Prescriptions in Primary Care” includes Sebastian Tong (Department of Family Medicine), Peter Kahn (Department of Psychology & School of Environmental and Forest Sciences), Ashley Park (Department of Family Medicine), and Hongfei Li (College of Built Environments). Hongfei Li is a lecturer and interdisciplinary PhD student in the Landscape Architecture department. Congratulations to Hongfei…
Ashour, L., & Shen, Q. (2025). An outlook on ride-sourcing price changes: Implications for future transit agency-TNC partnerships. Transport Policy, 173, Article 103790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.103790
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Abstract
Ride-sourcing trip prices charged by transportation network companies (TNCs) have increased significantly compared to before the pandemic, causing concerns about the effectiveness of existing and planned transit agency-TNC partnerships. This paper explores three scenarios of future TNC price changes: (1) price trend extension using forecasting models, (2) price increase in response to local policy changes, and (3) TNC/taxi price convergence due to increased competition. We then investigate the impact of TNC price change on the prospect of transit agency-TNC partnerships, using a case study in the Seattle region. For the first scenario, we employ two time-series models, namely ARIMA and PROPHET, to forecast price changes within the next three years (Oct 2022–Oct 2025) using publicly available Chicago TNC trip data. The results show that TNC's daily average price would reach $3.23 per mile, increasing by 40 % from 2019 average rates. For the second scenario, we track significant policies that directly impacted TNC prices in Seattle and incorporate reported price increases. The resulting estimations indicate that TNC prices would increase by an extra 25 % in response to changes in the minimum wage law. For the third scenario, we use publicly available taxi trip data of the city of Chicago and forecast future taxi prices by estimating time-series models comparable to those for TNC prices. The analysis suggests that due to increased competition, TNC and taxi prices are converging and that the average TNC fare per mile could add another 50 % to the forecasted price if TNC and taxi prices become similar in the upcoming three years. These price changes are shown to have a considerable negative impact on the expected cost-effectiveness of transit agency-TNC partnerships. Although such partnerships could still provide many benefits, transportation planners and policymakers should carefully examine the implications of TNC price increases resulting from changing market and policy environments.