The Population Health Initiative has awarded eight early-stage pilot grants in November 2025. The project, “Embodied Nature Engagement: Developing the Interaction Pattern Preference Inventory (IPPI) for Nature Prescriptions in Primary Care” includes Sebastian Tong (Department of Family Medicine), Peter Kahn (Department of Psychology & School of Environmental and Forest Sciences), Ashley Park (Department of Family Medicine), and Hongfei Li (College of Built Environments). Hongfei Li is a lecturer and interdisciplinary PhD student in the Landscape Architecture department. Congratulations to Hongfei…
Research Theme: Safety & Health & Wellbeing
Scholarship on supporting human safety, health and well-being, from the individual, to built environment industries, to the region
Disparities in resilience and recovery of ridesourcing usage during COVID-19
Wang, S., Huang, X., & Shen, Q. (2024). Disparities in resilience and recovery of ridesourcing usage during COVID-19. Journal of Transport Geography, 114, Article 103745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103745
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted ridesourcing services dramatically, but empirical research on disparities in the resilience and recovery of ridesourcing has been scarce. To address this literature gap, we used ridesourcing trip data in Chicago to create two time series: one for Census tract-level ridesourcing usage (including pickups and dropoffs) and the other for linkages between origin and destination (OD) pairs. We performed time-series clustering analyses that integrated manifold learning and Gaussian Mixture Modeling to optimize the number of clusters for high-dimensional time-series data. The tract-level usage can be grouped into three clusters, and the OD-pair linkages can be grouped into six clusters. We examined the spatial patterns of the tract-level usage clusters and the OD-pair linkage clusters. Furthermore, we estimated a multinomial logit regression model to examine the relationships between clusters and land use, built environment, and sociodemographic factors. Our results suggested that the share of residential land use had a positive association with high resilience and fast recovery of ridesourcing usage. Limited transportation accessibility and a lack of alternative transportation modes were also associated with high resilience and fast recovery of ridesourcing usage. Trips that linked dense employment centers were less likely to be made during the pandemic. Census tracts with a greater share of minorities or a higher poverty rate tended to generate more ridesourcing trips during the pandemic.
Exploring U.S. Occupant Perception Toward Indoor Air Quality Via Social Media and NLP Analysis
Ashayeri, M., Piri, S., & Abbasabadi, N. (2024). Exploring U.S. Occupant Perception Toward Indoor Air Quality Via Social Media and NLP Analysis. Journal of Environmental Science and Public Health, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.26502/jesph.96120205.
Abstract
The global implementation of stay-at-home mandates altered people's activities within the built environment, prompting a slowdown in the spread of covid viruses. Nevertheless, this period shed light on previously unforeseen challenges in achieving "better" indoor air quality (IAQ) within buildings, necessitating a focus on building health resilience for future scenarios. This study aims to evaluate occupants' feedback on the impact of stay-at-home measures on IAQ perception in buildings across the U.S. during the first year of the pandemic (2020) and compare it with the baseline from the previous year (2019) nationwide to assess the changes and identify potential areas for IAQ management strategies. Geo-tagged textual data from X (formerly known as Twitter) platform were collected and analyzed using Natural Language Processing (NLP) based on time series sentiment analysis techniques to compute the feedback. Findings indicate that occupants’ negative feedback on IAQ increased during 2020 compared to the baseline. It was also found that public perception of IAQ in 2020 was notably less favorable, potentially due to deteriorating conditions inside homes as people spent more time indoors. The study underscores the potential of NLP in capturing occupant perception, contributing to data-driven studies that can inform design, engineering, and policy-making for sustainable future.
Keywords
Indoor Air Quality; Occupant Perception; COVID Stay-athome; Natural Language Processing (NLP); Time Series Sentiment Analysis
Amy Wagenfeld
Amy Wagenfeld, PhD, OTR/L, SCEM, EDAC, FAOTA. Amy’s roles as an occupational therapist include therapeutic and universal design consultant, educator, researcher, and author. In addition to her role in the Department of Landscape Architecture, she is a faculty member in the Boston University Post-Professional Occupational Therapy Doctoral program and Principal of Amy Wagenfeld |Design. She is a Fellow of the American Occupational Therapy Association, holds evidence-based design accreditation and certification (EDAC) through the Center for Health Design and specialty certification in environmental modifications (SCEM) through the American Occupational Therapy Association, and certification in Healthcare Garden Design through the Chicago Botanical Garden. Amy was recently awarded the American Occupational Therapy Association Recognition of Achievement and the American Society of Landscape Architects Outstanding Service Award for her unique blending of occupational therapy and design.
With a strong background in human development, Amy is passionate about providing people of all ages, abilities, and cultures equitable, inclusive, and safe access to therapeutic environments in which to recreate, learn, and socialize and recognizes that successful design must, at its core, support mental health and foster resilience. Her work focuses on universal design, programming, and evaluation of environments that support physical and emotional rehabilitation and learning across the lifespan in children’s, educational, healthcare, senior living, military, correctional, and community settings.
Amy’s collaborative design projects include a sensory garden for individuals with autism, a therapeutic recreation center, a universally designed serenity garden at a Florida state park, a garden for children in the foster care system, a garden for young children whose families are experiencing homelessness, memory care and assisted living gardens, gardens in correctional facilities, educational facilities, and at military healthcare facilities, and redesign of a community mental health center and garden. Amy served on the design team for three American Society of Landscape Architecture award winning therapeutic gardens, as well as was a recipient of a silver medal from the International Association of Universal Design, a Healthcare Environment Landscape Award, and two New York state design awards.
Amy presents and publishes widely in peer-reviewed and popular press publications on topics relating to collaboration with designers and inclusive access to nature. She is co-author, with Daniel Winterbottom, of the award-winning book, Therapeutic Gardens: Design for Healing Spaces published by Timber Press in 2015 and author of Nature Notes, a column for Exceptional Needs Today magazine.
Optimizing Urban Greenspace Landscapes to Mitigate Population Exposure to Extreme Heat in 21st Century Chinese Cities
Feng, R., Li, G., Alberti, M., Wang, F., Liu, S., & Yu, G. (2025). Optimizing Urban Greenspace Landscapes to Mitigate Population Exposure to Extreme Heat in 21st Century Chinese Cities. Environmental Science & Technology, 59(11), 5510–5520. doi:10.1021/acs.est.4c11345
Abstract
Urban greenspace (UGS) is a crucial nature-based solution for mitigating increasing human exposure to extreme heat, but its long-term potential has been poorly quantified. We used high spatial-temporal resolution data sets of urban land cover and population grid in combination with an urban climate model, machine learning, and land use simulation model to assess the impact of UGS on population exposure to extreme (high-heat exposure, HHE) and its potential spatial optimization strategies. Results showed that the UGS and HHE have a strong spatiotemporal dynamic coupling in 21st century Chinese cities. Moreover, UGS shrinkage increased the HHE by 0.58–1.15 °C, while UGS expansion mitigated it by 0.72–1.26 °C, both stronger in the SSP3–7.0 and SSP5–8.5 scenarios. Different from common impressions, spatial relationships, rather than quantities of UGS, are more influential (1.3–1.8 times) on HHE. Our solutions suggest that simply enhancing the spatial dynamic connectivity between patches can mitigate HHE by 9.1–21.1%, especially for the eastern and central cities. Our results provide an example of how to improve climate adaptation in urban ecological space designs and strongly promote research on optimal spatial patterns for future robust urban heat mitigation.
Keywords
Urban greenspace; extreme heat exposure; mitigation effects; optimization solution; future projection
2025 Inspire Fund Awardees Selected
The 2025 Inspire Fund Awardees have been selected! See more information about their projects below. Project Title: “Enhancing Feasibility and Evaluation for the Housing Choice Voucher Homeownership Program in King County” Team: Vince Wang (Runstad Department of Real Estate), Zhongmin Evy Luo (PhD student, Built Environments), Kristin Pace (KCHA) Project Title: “Wildfire Smoke Readiness of Low-Income Households in Seattle” Amos Darko (Construction Management), Alvina Ekua Ntefua Saah (PhD Student, College of Built Environments) Project Title: “Equitable Public Electric Vehicle Charging…
Let’s Be Clear-Health Impact Assessments or Assessing Health Impacts?
Kim, J., Dannenberg, A., Haigh, F., & Harris-Roxas, B. (2024). Let’s Be Clear—Health Impact Assessments or Assessing Health Impacts? Public Health Reviews, 45, 1607722-. https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2024.1607722
Abstract
The article discusses the distinction between studies that assess health impacts and those that are specifically associated with health impact assessments (HIAs). It highlights the misuse of the term HIA in scholarly literature, where studies that evaluate health impacts are often labeled as HIAs. The authors emphasize that HIAs are intended to support decision-making and provide recommendations, rather than simply describing or evaluating health impacts. They suggest the need for better documentation of HIA recommendations and their impacts, as well as the development of reporting guidelines for academic HIA literature.
Keywords
decision making; health impact assessment; health risk assessment; policy recommendations; stakeholder engagement
Key performance indicators for hospital planning and construction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Liu, W., Chan, A.P.C., Chan, M.W., Darko, A. and Oppong, G.D. (2024), “Key performance indicators for hospital planning and construction: a systematic review and meta-analysis”, Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-10-2023-1060
Abstract
Purpose
The successful implementation of hospital projects (HPs) tends to confront sundry challenges in the planning and construction (P&C) phases due to their complexity and particularity. Employing key performance indicators (KPIs) facilitates the monitoring of HPs to advance their successful delivery. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the KPIs for hospital planning and construction (HPC).
Design/methodology/approach
The KPIs for HPC were identified through a systematic review. Then a comprehensive assessment of these KPIs was performed utilizing a meta-analysis method. In this process, basic statistical analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitive analysis and publication bias analysis were performed.
Findings
Results indicate that all 27 KPIs identified from the literature are significant for executing HPs in P&C phases. Also, some unconventional performance indicators are crucial for implementing HPs, such as “Project monitoring effectiveness” and “Industry innovation and synergy,” as their high significance is reflected in this study. Despite the fact that the findings of meta-analysis are more trustworthy than those of individual studies, a high heterogeneity still exists in the findings. It highlights the inherent uncertainty in the construction industry. Hence, this study applied subgroup analysis to explore the underlying factors causing the high level of heterogeneity and used sensitive analysis to assess the robustness of the findings.
Originality/value
There is no consensus among the prior studies on KPIs for HPC specifically and their degree of significance. Additionally, few reviews in this field have focused on the reliability of the results. This study comprehensively assesses the KPIs for HPC and explores the variability and robustness of the results, which provides a multi-dimensional perspective for practitioners and the research community to investigate the performance of HPs during the P&C stages.
Keywords
Key performance indicators; hospital projects; planning and construction; systematic review; meta-analysis; project monitoring effectiveness; industry innovation and synergy
Post-pandemic transit commute: Lessons from focus group discussions on the experience of essential workers during COVID-19
Ashour, L. A., Shen, Q., Moudon, A., Cai, M., Wang, Y., & Brown, M. (2024). Post-pandemic transit commute: Lessons from focus group discussions on the experience of essential workers during COVID-19. Journal of Transport Geography, 116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2024.103832
Abstract
Public transit services, which provide a critical lifeline for many essential workers, were severely interrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic. As institutions gradually return to normal in-person operations, it is critical to understand how the pandemic affected essential workers' commute and what it will take to ensure the effective recovery of transit ridership and enhance the long-term resiliency and equity of public transportation systems for those who need it the most. This study used focus group discussions with essential workers who were pre-pandemic transit riders to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted their commute perceptions, experiences, motives, and challenges and explore the potential changes in their travel behavior post-pandemic. We used NVivo 12 Pro to conduct a thematic analysis of the transcripted discussion data and examined patterns of commute mode change with respect to participants' attributes, including job type, home location, and gender. The results show that public transit had multiple reliability and frequency challenges during the pandemic, which resulted in most participants switching away from public transportation. With the increased availability of hybrid remote work and pandemic-related parking policies, driving emerged as a safer and more affordable commute mode for many pre-pandemic transit riders, rendering transit services less efficient for those who continued to rely on it. Planning for post-COVID resilient and reliable mobility requires a major rethinking of providing an efficient and effective transport system and a more fundamental approach to long-term public transport policy. To recover transit ridership, transit agencies need to ensure transit service availability and provide reliable transit information through smartphone apps. Similarly, transit agencies need to coordinate with other employers to provide free or heavily subsidized transit passes, to facilitate the recovery of transit demand effectively.
Keywords
Essential workers; Commute; Public transit; Focus group discussions; COVID-19 pandemic; Post-pandemic
Health and wellbeing impacts of housing converted from non-residential buildings: A mixed-methods exploratory study in London, UK
Pineo, H., Clifford, B., Eyre, M., & Aldridge, R. W. (2024). Health and wellbeing impacts of housing converted from non-residential buildings: A mixed-methods exploratory study in London, UK. Wellbeing, Space and Society, 6, 100192-. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wss.2024.100192
Abstract
Housing quality is a determinant of health, wellbeing and inequities. Since 2013, changes to Permitted Development Rights (PDR) allow conversions of non-residential buildings into housing without planning permission in England. We explored the potential health and wellbeing impacts of such ‘PDR housing’ through an online survey and semi-structured interviews in four London boroughs. We found an association between low wellbeing and lack of residential space and accommodation cooling options, fewer local amenities and lower perceived safety. Participants highlighted problems with windows and outdoor space. Poor quality PDR conversions may pose health and wellbeing risks that could be avoided through regulation and enforcement.
Keywords
Housing; Wellbeing; Health; Non-residential conversions; England; Socio-ecological; Adaptive reuse; Urban planning